{"id":963,"date":"2021-02-04T20:36:47","date_gmt":"2021-02-04T20:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/s856749478.onlinehome.fr\/?p=963"},"modified":"2021-03-08T21:19:27","modified_gmt":"2021-03-08T21:19:27","slug":"contexte-historique-le-coup-de-force","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/?p=963","title":{"rendered":"Le coup de force"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Le coup de force du 9 mars 1945<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0Il y a peu \u00e0 dire sur l\u2019aspect militaire du coup de force du 9 mars 1945. C\u2019est une op\u00e9ration militaire habituelle des Japonais : surprise, rapidit\u00e9 et cruaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 des troupes nippones \u00e9tait manifeste : sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 en effectifs, soldats aguerris par de multiples combats dot\u00e9s de mat\u00e9riels d\u2019\u00e9quipements et d\u2019armement sophistiqu\u00e9s. Quant aux troupes fran\u00e7aises (18000 hommes et des autochtones peu aguerris et vieillissant), ils sont \u00e9quip\u00e9s de mat\u00e9riels et d\u2019armement datant de la guerre de 1914-1918 avec des munitions peu fiables.<\/p>\n

En 48 heures, la souverainet\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise a compl\u00e8tement \u00e9t\u00e9 balay\u00e9e. Plus de 95% des garnisons, apr\u00e8s des combats parfois acharn\u00e9s et tr\u00e8s durs, d\u00e9posent les armes. Quelques unit\u00e9s ont pu s\u2019\u00e9chapper dans la brousse, notamment au LAOS. La plupart ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reprises. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la clairvoyance de certains chefs militaire, dispersant leurs effectifs d\u00e8s les tous premiers jours de mars, pr\u00e9s de 300 officiers et 5000 soldats, autochtones compris, sont pass\u00e9s en Chine par la haute r\u00e9gion, poursuivis et harcel\u00e9s par les Japonais.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

En 1945, l’arm\u00e9e japonaise, vaincue de toutes parts, dispose encore d’importants moyens sur le continent asiatique.<\/p>\n

Le 9 mars 1945, il y a pr\u00e8s de 40000 Fran\u00e7ais en Indochine dont 18000 militaires. Pr\u00e8s de 12000 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 faits prisonniers ; plus de 3000 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s, massacr\u00e9s le 9 mars 1945. Les six mois de captivit\u00e9 ont co\u00fbt\u00e9 la vie \u00e0 plus de 1500 disparus.<\/p>\n

Les civils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 regroup\u00e9s, confin\u00e9s soit dans un quartier des grands villes, soit dans des camps. Ceux soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s de r\u00e9sistance ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incarc\u00e9r\u00e9s dans des prisons de la KEMPETAI, dans des cages de bambou, subissant des tortures et des interrogatoires muscl\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9galement emprisonn\u00e9s et d\u00e9port\u00e9s d\u00e8s juin 1945 dans les camps de BOLOVENS, class\u00e9s camps de concentration, plus de 120 adolescents de 13 \u00e0 17 ans, \u00e9l\u00e8ves de l\u2019Ecole d\u2019enfants de troupe de DALAT, parce qu\u2019ils ont r\u00e9sist\u00e9 aux Japonais. Avant de se rendre, ils ont sabot\u00e9 toutes les armes et ont fait sauter la soute \u00e0 munitions.<\/p>\n

Pour les militaires, la captivit\u00e9 de six mois peut \u00eatre r\u00e9partie en 4 p\u00e9riodes.<\/p>\n

De mars \u00e0 mai 1945, incarc\u00e9ration dans des citadelles ou dans des camps proches du lieu de capture<\/p>\n

De mai \u00e0 septembre 1945, politique de regroupement progressif des prisonniers \u00e0 Sa\u00efgon et \u00e0 Hano\u00ef<\/p>\n

De juin \u00e0 septembre 1945, cr\u00e9ation des camps de concentration (HOA-BINH et BOLOVENS) pour la construction de routes et de ponts<\/p>\n

De la reddition japonaise, apr\u00e8s les bombes d\u2019Hiroshima et de Nagasaki en ao\u00fbt 1945, jusqu\u2019en septembre 1945 (18 septembre pour le Sud) regroupement de tous les prisonniers \u00e0 Sa\u00efgon et \u00e0 Hano\u00ef.<\/p>\n

Il n\u2019y a pas eu de lib\u00e9ration. Les sentinelles japonaises ont disparu le 18 septembre 1945. Et le 22 septembre 1945, parmi tous les prisonniers regroup\u00e9s \u00e0 Sa\u00efgon, les hommes valides ont \u00e9t\u00e9 arm\u00e9s et r\u00e9partis en section de combat pour aller, pieds et torse nus, d\u00e9livrer SA\u00cfGON de l\u2019emprise VIETMINH.<\/p>\n

Views: 48<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le coup de force du 9 mars 1945 \u00a0Il y a peu \u00e0 dire sur l\u2019aspect militaire du coup de force du 9 mars 1945. C\u2019est une op\u00e9ration militaire habituelle des Japonais : surprise, rapidit\u00e9 et cruaut\u00e9. La sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 des troupes nippones \u00e9tait manifeste : sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 en effectifs, soldats aguerris par de multiples combats dot\u00e9s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"table_tags":[],"class_list":["post-963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prisonniers-des-japonais"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"ANAPI","author_link":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/?author=1"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Le coup de force du 9 mars 1945 \u00a0Il y a peu \u00e0 dire sur l\u2019aspect militaire du coup de force du 9 mars 1945. C\u2019est une op\u00e9ration militaire habituelle des Japonais : surprise, rapidit\u00e9 et cruaut\u00e9. La sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 des troupes nippones \u00e9tait manifeste : sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 en effectifs, soldats aguerris par de multiples combats dot\u00e9s\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=963"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1437,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions\/1437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=963"},{"taxonomy":"table_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anapi.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftable_tags&post=963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}